What is Anesthesia and its' step?

Anesthesia is a medication or gas used during surgery or other medical procedures to make a patient unconscious or to reduce pain. The process of anesthesia is managed by an anesthesiologist or other qualified healthcare professional. Endoscopy or surgerical procedures require administering the anaesthesia.

 

Before surgery, the anesthesiologist will assess the patient's health condition and explain the risks and benefits of anesthesia. They will also ask the patient if they have any drug allergies or other medical conditions.

 

During surgery, the anesthesiologist will monitor the patient's vital signs and adjust the dosage of anesthesia as needed. After surgery, the anesthesiologist will gradually reduce the dosage of anesthesia, allowing the patient to safely wake up.

 

Administering the anaesthesia is more than a drug injection, since it requires that the anaesthesiologist provides comprehensive medical care to patients before, during, and after surgery. The preoperative evaluation includes some medical tests, such as the medical history, X-rays, and blood tests. Certain patients are more likely to experience problems or complications and possibly even death than others because of their age, overweight problem, or respiratory diseases. It is the job of an anaesthesiologist to ensure safety.

 

The anaesthesiologist monitors the patient’s health condition and vital signs during the procedure, and titrates administration of anaesthetic medication accordingly. When there is a patient that requires resuscitation, the anaesthesiologist will make a change in dosage of anaesthesia and provide ventilation to patients with an abnormal respiratory system.

 

The anaesthesiologists can help the patient awaken safely and effectively manage pain from surgery. Patients will stay at the certified resuscitation area after the procedure where is equipped with resuscitation tools following the standard of hospital emergency room. Moreover, all our medical staff receives regular training on resuscitation to ensure patients can get the medical assistance in case of any emergency timely and properly.

 

What is Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)?

"Monitored anesthesia care (MAC)" refers to the anesthesiologist monitoring the patient's vital signs during surgery and adjusting the dosage of anesthesia as needed. Even if no sedative medications are used, if an anesthesiologist is responsible for monitoring the patient, it is considered "monitored anesthesia care".

 

The depth of anesthesia can vary depending on the patient's needs. During endoscopy, moderate anesthesia is typically used, allowing the patient to remain slightly conscious but not feel pain.

During anesthesia, the patient will enter a state of sleep, but will not remember the procedure afterward. After surgery, the anesthesiologist will appropriately adjust the medication to allow the patient to safely wake up.

 

 

What is ‘General Anaesthesia’(GA)?

‘General Anaesthesia’ is commonly applied to intermediate to major or complex operations such as cardiac operation and colon operation. ‘General Anaesthesia’ uses intravenous drugs or inhaled gases or a combination of these two types of anaesthetic. Anaesthetist may use an intravenous line which is inserted into either arm or hand of patients to administerrate the anaesthetic. Patients will fall be unconscious gradually and the operation will be painless and asleep to have painless operations.   ‘General Anaesthesia’ may also use inhaled gases. Patients inhale a mixture of several anaesthetic gases and be asleep with loss of consciousness. When patients undergo abdominal operation or other procedures requiring muscle relaxation, muscle relaxants will be used and tracheal intubation will be performed to facilitate ventilation of lungs.   At the end of operation, anaesthetist will awake patients under anaesthesia to regain awareness and consciousness before leaving the operation room or in the recovery room.   In some circumstances, ‘General Anaesthesia’ is better than ‘Local Anaesthesia’ in facilitating smooth running of operations.

What is ‘Local Anaesthesia’?

‘Local Anaesthesia’ is commonly applied to minor operations such as ophthalmic, gynaecological or certain other minor operations.  ‘Local Anaesthesia’ is safer than ‘General Anaesthesia’ and other types of anaesthesia.   In ‘Local Anaesthesia’, anaesthetist or nurse in charge will inject anaesthetic medications to the target body site of awake patients, causing anaesthesia of the injected site. The target area may be numb but patients will not enter the state of sleep.

 

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